{"id":416,"date":"2013-02-03T17:54:20","date_gmt":"2013-02-03T17:54:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/?p=416"},"modified":"2013-02-04T14:53:28","modified_gmt":"2013-02-04T14:53:28","slug":"united-kingdom-of-great-britain-and-northern-island-1851-treaty-of-friendship-commerce-and-navigation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/united-kingdom-of-great-britain-and-northern-island-1851-treaty-of-friendship-commerce-and-navigation\/","title":{"rendered":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Island\u20141851 Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"British<\/a><\/p>\n

On July 10, 1851, a Treaty<\/a> was signed between the United Kingdom and the Hawaiian Kingdom in Honolulu and thereafter ratified by both governments. Article VIII of this treaty provides:<\/p>\n

\u201cthe subjects of either of the contracting parties, in the territories of the other, shall receive and enjoy full and perfect protection for their persons and property, and shall have free and open access to the courts of justice in the said countries, respectively, for the prosecution and defense of their just rights…\u201d<\/p>\n

Neither Great Britain nor the Hawaiian Kingdom gave notice to the other of its intention to terminate this treaty in accordance with the principles of customary international law.\u00a0 Therefore, this treaty is still in full force and continues to have legal effect to date. Former British territories, which acquired their independence from Great Britain, are successor States to, at the very least, Article VIII of the Hawaiian-British Treaty with regard to the citizenry of the successor State that effectively replaced the citizenry of the predecessor State in the treaty. These successor States, which includes mandate territories, are:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Afghanistan.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 19, 1919.<\/li>\n
  2. Antigua and Barbuda.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 November 1, 1981.<\/li>\n
  3. Australia.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 January 1, 1901.<\/li>\n
  4. Bahamas.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 July 10, 1973.<\/li>\n
  5. Bahrain.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 15, 1971.<\/li>\n
  6. Bangladesh.\u00a0 Independence from Pakistan on December 16, 1971.\u00a0 Pakistan acquired Independence from Great Britain on August 14, 1947.<\/li>\n
  7. Barbados.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 November 30, 1966.<\/li>\n
  8. Belize.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 September 21, 1981.<\/li>\n
  9. Bhutan.\u00a0 Independence from India on August 8, 1949.\u00a0 India acquired Independence from Great Britain on August 15, 1947.<\/li>\n
  10. Botswana.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 September 30, 1966.<\/li>\n
  11. Brunei Darussalam. Independence: January 1, 1984.<\/li>\n
  12. Canada. Independence: December 11, 1931.<\/li>\n
  13. Cyprus.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 16, 1960.<\/li>\n
  14. Dominica.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 November 3, 1978.<\/li>\n
  15. Egypt.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 February 28, 1922.<\/li>\n
  16. Fiji.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 October 10, 1970.<\/li>\n
  17. Gambia.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 February18, 1965.<\/li>\n
  18. Ghana.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 March 6, 1957.<\/li>\n
  19. Grenada.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 February 7, 1974.<\/li>\n
  20. Guyana.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 May 26, 1966.<\/li>\n
  21. India.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 15, 1947.<\/li>\n
  22. Iraq. Independence from British Mandate: October 3, 1932.<\/li>\n
  23. Ireland.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 December 6, 1921.<\/li>\n
  24. Israel. Independence from British Mandate: May 14, 1948.<\/li>\n
  25. Jamaica.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 6, 1962.<\/li>\n
  26. Jordan. Independence from British Mandate: May 25, 1946.<\/li>\n
  27. Kenya.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 December 12, 1963.<\/li>\n
  28. Kiribati.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 July 12, 1979.<\/li>\n
  29. Kuwait.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 June 19, 1961.<\/li>\n
  30. Lesotho.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 October 4, 1966.<\/li>\n
  31. Malawi.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 July 6, 1964.<\/li>\n
  32. Malaysia.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 31, 1957.<\/li>\n
  33. Maldives.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 July 26, 1965.<\/li>\n
  34. Malta.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 September 21, 1964.<\/li>\n
  35. Mauritius.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 March 12, 1968.<\/li>\n
  36. Myanmar.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 January 4, 1948.<\/li>\n
  37. Namibia.\u00a0 Independence from South African Mandate on March 21, 1990. South Africa acquired Independence from Great Britain on May 31, 1910.<\/li>\n
  38. Nauru. Independence from Australia, New Zealand and Great Britain Trusteeship on January 31, 1968. New Zealand acquired Independence from Great Britain on September 26, 1907, and Australia acquired Independence from Great Britain on January 1, 1901.<\/li>\n
  39. New Zealand.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 September 26, 1907.<\/li>\n
  40. Nigeria.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 October 1, 1960.<\/li>\n
  41. Pakistan.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 14, 1947.<\/li>\n
  42. Papua New Guinea. Independence from Australian Trusteeship on September 16, 1975. Australia acquired Independence from Great Britain on January 1, 1901.<\/li>\n
  43. Qatar.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 September 3, 1971.<\/li>\n
  44. Saint Kitts and Nevis.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 September 19, 1983.<\/li>\n
  45. Saint Lucia.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 February 22, 1979.<\/li>\n
  46. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 October 27, 1979.<\/li>\n
  47. Samoa. Independence from New Zealand Trusteeship on January 1, 1962. New Zealand acquired Independence from Great Britain on September 26, 1907.<\/li>\n
  48. Seychelles.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 June 29, 1976.<\/li>\n
  49. Sierra Leone.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 April 27, 1961.<\/li>\n
  50. Singapore.\u00a0 Independence from Malaysia on August 9, 1965. Malaysia acquired Independence from Great Britain on August 31, 1957.<\/li>\n
  51. Solomon Islands.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 July 7, 1978.<\/li>\n
  52. Somalia.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 July 1, 1960,\u00a0from a merger of British Somaliland that became independent from the UK on 26 June 1960 and Italian Somaliland that became independent from the Italian-administered UN trusteeship on 1 July 1960 to form the Somali Republic.<\/li>\n
  53. South Africa.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 May 31, 1910.<\/li>\n
  54. .South Sudan. Independence from Sudan on July 9, 2011. Sudan acquired Independence from Great Britain on January 1, 1956.<\/li>\n
  55. Sri Lanka.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 February 4, 1948.<\/li>\n
  56. Sudan.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 January 1, 1956.<\/li>\n
  57. Swaziland.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 September 6, 1968.<\/li>\n
  58. Tonga.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 June 4, 1970.<\/li>\n
  59. Trinidad and Tobago.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 31, 1962.<\/li>\n
  60. Tuvalu.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 October 1, 1978.<\/li>\n
  61. Uganda.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 October 9, 1962.<\/li>\n
  62. United Arab Emirates.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 December 2, 1971.<\/li>\n
  63. United Republic of Tanzania. Tanganyika became independent on December 9, 1961 from British Trusteeship; Zanzibar became independent on December 19, 1963; Tanganyika united with Zanzibar on April 26, 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar; renamed United Republic of Tanzania.<\/li>\n
  64. Vanuatu.\u00a0 Independence from both France and Great Britain on July 30, 1980.<\/li>\n
  65. Zambia.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 October 24, 1964.<\/li>\n
  66. Zimbabwe.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 April 18, 1980.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    On July 10, 1851, a Treaty was signed between the United Kingdom and the Hawaiian Kingdom in Honolulu and thereafter ratified by both governments. Article VIII of this treaty provides: \u201cthe subjects of either of the contracting parties, in the … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-international-relations","category-treaties"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p31YBQ-6I","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=416"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/416\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":458,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/416\/revisions\/458"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}