{"id":371,"date":"2013-02-03T01:25:22","date_gmt":"2013-02-03T01:25:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/?p=371"},"modified":"2013-02-03T17:58:35","modified_gmt":"2013-02-03T17:58:35","slug":"france-1857-treaty-of-friendship-commerce-and-navigation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/france-1857-treaty-of-friendship-commerce-and-navigation\/","title":{"rendered":"France\u20141857 Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"French<\/a><\/p>\n

On October 29, 1857, a Treaty<\/a> was signed between France and the Hawaiian Kingdom in Honolulu and thereafter ratified by both governments. Article IV of this treaty provides:<\/p>\n

\u201ctheir respective subjects shall enjoy, in both States, a constant and complete protection for their persons and properties.\u00a0 They shall, consequently, have free and easy access to the tribunals of justice, in prosecution and defense of their rights, in every instance, and in all the degrees of jurisdiction established by the laws.\u201d<\/p>\n

Neither France nor the Hawaiian Kingdom gave notice to the other of its intention to terminate this treaty in accordance with the terms of Article XXVI of the 1857 Treaty.\u00a0 Therefore this treaty is still in full force and continues to have legal effect to date. Former French territories, which acquired their independence from France, are successor States to, at the very least, Article IV of the Hawaiian-French Treaty with regard to the citizenry of the successor State that effectively replaced the citizenry of the predecessor State in the treaty. These successor States, which includes mandate territories, are:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Algeria.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 July 5, 1962.<\/li>\n
  2. Benin.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 1, 1960.<\/li>\n
  3. Burkina Faso.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 5, 1960.<\/li>\n
  4. Central African Republic.\u00a0 Independence: August 13, 1960.<\/li>\n
  5. Chad.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 11, 1960.<\/li>\n
  6. Comoros.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 July 6, 1975.<\/li>\n
  7. Congo.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 15, 1960.<\/li>\n
  8. C\u00f4te D’Ivoire.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 7, 1960.<\/li>\n
  9. Djibouti.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 June 27, 1977.<\/li>\n
  10. Gabon.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 17, 1960.<\/li>\n
  11. Guinea.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 October 2, 1958.<\/li>\n
  12. Lao People\u2019s Democratic Republic.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 July 19, 1949.<\/li>\n
  13. Lebanon. Independence from French Mandate: November 22, 1943.<\/li>\n
  14. Madagascar.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 June 26, 1960.<\/li>\n
  15. Mali.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 September 22, 1960.<\/li>\n
  16. Mauritania.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 November 28, 1960.<\/li>\n
  17. Morocco.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 March 2, 1956.<\/li>\n
  18. Niger.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 August 3, 1960.<\/li>\n
  19. Republic of Cameroon. Independence from French Trusteeship on January 1, 1960.<\/li>\n
  20. Senegal.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 April 4, 1960.<\/li>\n
  21. Syria. Independence from French Mandate: April 17, 1946.<\/li>\n
  22. Togo. Independence from French Trusteeship on April 27, 1960.<\/li>\n
  23. Tunisia.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 March 20, 1956.<\/li>\n
  24. Vanuatu.\u00a0 Independence from France and Great Britain: July 30, 1980.<\/li>\n
  25. Viet Nam.\u00a0 Independence:\u00a0 September 2, 1945.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    On October 29, 1857, a Treaty was signed between France and the Hawaiian Kingdom in Honolulu and thereafter ratified by both governments. Article IV of this treaty provides: \u201ctheir respective subjects shall enjoy, in both States, a constant and complete … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-371","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-international-relations","category-treaties"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p31YBQ-5Z","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/371","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=371"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/371\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":422,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/371\/revisions\/422"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=371"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=371"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=371"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}