{"id":248,"date":"2013-01-27T21:11:04","date_gmt":"2013-01-27T21:11:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/?p=248"},"modified":"2013-01-29T15:24:54","modified_gmt":"2013-01-29T15:24:54","slug":"1949-geneva-convention-iv-took-effect-over-the-hawaiian-islands-january-14-2013","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/1949-geneva-convention-iv-took-effect-over-the-hawaiian-islands-january-14-2013\/","title":{"rendered":"1949 Geneva Convention, IV, Took Effect Over the Hawaiian Islands January 14, 2013"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"SWITZERLAND<\/a>In the aftermath of World War II, countries met in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1949 to draft four treaties (conventions) and three additional protocols that establish standards for the humanitarian treatment during war. The Fourth Geneva Convention<\/a>, in particular, would also \u201capply to all cases of partial or total occupation of the territory of a High Contracting Party, even if the said occupation meets with no armed resistance. (Article 2).\u201d The Convention also provides protection to \u201cthose who, at a given moment and in any manner whatsoever, find themselves, in case of a conflict or occupation, in the hands of a Party to the conflict or Occupying Power of which they are not nationals (Article 4).\u201d<\/p>\n

-Follow Hawaiian Kingdom news and updates on Twitter:\u00a0@HKSpokesperson<\/a><\/p>\n

Nationals who are \u201cprotected persons\u201d under the Convention are protected from, \u201cwillful killing, torture or inhuman treatment, including biological experiments, willfully causing great suffering or serious injury to body or health, unlawful deportation or transfer or unlawful confinement of a protected person, compelling a protected person to serve in the forces of a hostile Power, or willfully depriving a protected person of the rights of fair and regular trial prescribed in the present Convention, taking of hostages and extensive destruction and appropriation of property, not justified by military necessity and carried out unlawfully and wantonly (Article 147).\u201d Violation of these rights of “protected persons” constitute a “war crimes.”<\/p>\n

There are currently\u00a0194<\/a> countries who are High Contracting Parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention. Of the High Contracting Parties, 193 comprise all of the member States of the United Nations, and 1 is a non-member State of the United Nations, Cook Islands.<\/p>\n

On November 28, 2012, the acting government of the Hawaiian Kingdom signed the instrument of accession<\/a> acceding to the Fourth Geneva Convention for the protection of the civilian population during Hawai\u2018i\u2019s occupation, and on January 14, 2013, the instrument was deposited with the Swiss Federal Council in Berne, Switzerland. Pursuant to Article 157, the Convention took immediate effect from the date of the deposit because Hawai\u2018i is currently under occupation.<\/p>\n

By acceding to the Fourth Geneva Convention, the Hawaiian Kingdom, as a State, became a High Contracting Party and its territory now comes under the Fourth Geneva Convention and Hawaiian nationals are presently considered \u201cprotected persons.\u201d The International Criminal Court prosecutes perpetrators who commit war crimes that violate the rights of \u201cprotected persons\u201d as defined by the Fourth Geneva Convention.<\/p>\n

UPDATE<\/strong>: This posting was withheld for the past two weeks until confirmation of the receipt of the instrument of accession could be obtained. It is confirmed that the deposit of the instrument of accession took place on January 14, 2013.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In the aftermath of World War II, countries met in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1949 to draft four treaties (conventions) and three additional protocols that establish standards for the humanitarian treatment during war. The Fourth Geneva Convention, in particular, would also … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-international-relations","category-war-crimes"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p31YBQ-40","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=248"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":322,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248\/revisions\/322"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=248"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hawaiiankingdom.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}